US dollar modestly weaker on receding inflation

FILE PHOTO: U.S. Dollar banknote is seen in this illustration taken July 17, 2022. REUTERS/Dado Ruvic/Illustration/File Photo

By Gertrude Chavez-Dreyfuss

NEW YORK (Reuters) -The U.S. dollar eased marginally on Friday after data showed inflation in the world's largest economy subsided last month, cementing expectations the Federal Reserve will start cutting interest rates this year.

The dollar initially fell against the yen, the currency pair most sensitive to U.S. economic data because of a high, positive correlation to Treasury yields. The greenback, however, edged higher to trade flat on the day, with investors still focused on the wide interest rate differential between the United States and Japan.

One Euro coins are seen in this illustration taken November 9, 2021. REUTERS/Dado Ruvic/Illustration/ File Photo

The dollar was last up slightly against the Japanese unit at 160.815 yen, after earlier hitting a 38-year high of 161.27 yen. Traders remained on high alert for intervention from Japanese authorities to boost its currency.

The U.S. currency has posted monthly and quarterly gains versus the yen of about 1.9% and 5.9%, respectively.

Data showed the U.S. personal consumption expenditures (PCE) price index, the Fed's preferred inflation measure, was unchanged last month, and followed an unrevised 0.3% gain in April, data showed. In the 12 months through May, the PCE price index increased 2.6% after advancing 2.7% in April.

A person walks past an electric screen displaying the current Japanese Yen exchange rate against the U.S. dollar as the yen declined to 38-year lows past 161 per dollar, outside a brokerage in Tokyo, Japan June 28, 2024. REUTERS/Issei Kato

"The PCE report was mostly in line with expectations, which confirms the disinflationary trend as shown by the CPI (consumer price index), PPI (producer price index) numbers earlier this month," said Boris Kovacevic, global macro strategist at Convera in Vienna, Austria. "The macro data continues to point to a softening of the U.S. economy."

Following the inflation data, fed funds futures slightly raised the chances of easing in September to around 67%, from about 65% late Thursday, according to LSEG calculations. The market is also pricing between one to two rate cuts of 25 bps each this year.

A separate report on Thursday showed business activity in the Midwest came in better than expected, modestly helping the dollar. The Chicago purchasing managers' index (PMI) jumped to 47.4 from 35 in May, and better than the 40 that economists projected.

University of Michigan consumer sentiment, meanwhile, showed a reading of a better-than-expected 68.2 for June, also dollar-supportive. In addition, respondents to the sentiment survey expect near- and long-term inflation expectations to level out at 3%.

In other currencies, the euro was up 0.2% at $1.0719.

The euro, down 1.3% against the dollar in June, was on track for its biggest monthly fall since January as political uncertainty weighed in the run-up to France's general elections.

For the second quarter, Europe's single currency fell 0.7%.

Investors fear a new French government could increase fiscal spending, threatening the sustainability of the country's public debt and the financial stability of the bloc.

Against the Swiss franc, the dollar was little changed at 0.8986 francs.

Aside from the economic data, market participants were also focused on U.S. politics.

Republican U.S. presidential candidate Donald Trump unleashed a barrage of at-times false attacks on President Joe Biden in their first campaign debate in Atlanta, with the dollar rising as Biden stumbled over his words a few times in early exchanges.

The debate increased the odds of a Trump presidency and the imposition of import tariffs. Traders bought dollars overall.

"A Trump victory is dollar-positive for several reasons, including a presidency that may be more aggressive on tariffs and could lead to more fiscal expansion, which is inflationary and would trigger higher policy rates," said Barclays rate strategist Lefteris Farmakis.

Currency

bid

prices at

28 June​

04:28

p.m. GMT

Descripti RIC Last U.S. Pct YTD Pct High Low

on Close Change Bid Bid

Previous

Session

Dollar 105.79 105.89 -0.08% 4.36% 106.13 105.

index 78

Euro/Doll 1.072 1.0704 0.15% -2.88% $1.0722 $1.0

ar 685

Dollar/Ye 160.84 160.81 0.02% 14.03% 161.27 160.

n 305

Euro/Yen 1.072​ 172.06 0.22% 10.79% 172.44 171.

46

Dollar/Sw 0.8985 0.8988 -0.03% 6.76% 0.901 0.89

iss 8

Sterling/ 1.2645 1.2639 0.06% -0.62% $1.267 $1.0

Dollar 685​

Dollar/Ca 1.368 1.3701 -0.14% 3.21% 1.3734 1.36

nadian 76

Aussie/Do 0.6674 0.6648 0.4% -2.11% $0.6685 $0.6

llar 62

Euro/Swis 0.9629 0.9617 0.12% 3.69% 0.9639 0.96

s 1

Euro/Ster 0.8474 0.8468 0.07% -2.24% 0.8481 0.84

ling 58

NZ 0.6095 0.6083 0.19% -3.55% $0.6101 0.60

Dollar/Do 58

llar

Dollar/No 10.6637​ 10.6221 0.39% 5.22% 10.6948 10.6

rway 116

Euro/Norw 11.4325 11.3732 0.52% 1.86% 11.4347 11.3

ay 67

Dollar/Sw 10.5942 10.6226 -0.27% 5.24% 10.6618 10.5

eden 83

Euro/Swed 11.3586 11.3755 -0.15% 2.1% 11.4033 11.3

en 364

(Reporting by Gertrude Chavez-Dreyfuss; Additional reporting by Stefano Rebaudo in Milan; Editing by Sharon Singleton and Chris Reese)