Iran’s Supreme Leader Leads Funeral Prayers for President

Mourning President Ebrahim Raisi of Iran in Tehran on Wednesday.

Crowds packed the streets of Tehran and Iran’s supreme leader, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, performed funeral prayers on Wednesday for the country’s president, with senior officials from the Iranian-backed militant groups Hamas and Hezbollah joining the commemorations.

The presence of leaders from Hamas and Hezbollah — two key Iranian proxies in the Middle East — alongside an array of non-Western officials offered a stark illustration of Tehran’s international standing at a turbulent moment for the country. The death of the president, Ebrahim Raisi, has added an additional layer of complexity and uncertainty.

A photo released by the Iranian government showed Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, Iran’s supreme leader, praying over the coffins in Tehran on Wednesday.

Mr. Raisi, 63, was killed in a helicopter crash along with Iran’s foreign minister, Hossein Amir Abdollahian, 60, and five others traveling with them on Sunday. Ayatollah Khamenei declared five days of mourning, and funeral observances began on Tuesday with a procession in Tabriz, the closest big city to the crash site in northwestern Iran. The bodies of Mr. Raisi and of the others killed were then taken to the holy city of Qom and to Tehran, the capital, ahead of Wednesday’s events.

Large crowds gathered in Tehran on Wednesday during the funeral procession.

Iran’s security forces implemented tight traffic restrictions for the city, the Tehran police chief, Col. Abdolfazl Mousavipour, told state television overnight. State television also reported that public transportation would be free on Wednesday — declared a national holiday — to enable people to attend the funeral.

On Wednesday morning, state news media broadcast footage of huge crowds making their way to the University of Tehran, where the flag-draped coffins were housed in a large hall.

Ayatollah Khamenei, 85, entered with an entourage, laying down his cane in front of the coffins before performing the prayers. His words were carried on loudspeakers to crowds standing outside who bowed their heads in prayer, state media footage showed.

Mr. Raisi had been considered a potential candidate to succeed the supreme leader, who is reportedly in declining health. After performing the prayers, Ayatollah Khamenei embraced relatives of Mr. Raisi, video on state news media showed, stroking one boy’s head.

Memorial posters for Mr. Raisi in Tehran on Wednesday.

A funeral procession then got underway, with crowds thronging an open truck that carried the coffins to Tehran’s Azadi — or Freedom — Square past billboards showing a smiling Mr. Raisi. Many people carried photographs of the president; most wore black.

“If there is one thing that the Islamic Republic is truly adept at is to organize funerals and bring its core constituents to the streets,” Ali Vaez, the Iran director at the International Crisis Group, said of the scenes. “It’s a show of force aimed at showcasing the regime’s legitimacy to supporters at home and enemies abroad.”

A ceremony — scheduled to take place at 4 p.m. local time and which state media said would include more than 40 “high-ranking foreign delegations,” including 10 heads of state — will likely serve the same aims.

State news media broadcast footage trumpeting the arrivals at Tehran airport, where a red carpet greeted the presidents of Tunisia, Kais Saied, and Tajikistan, Emomali Rahmon. Vyacheslav Volodin, the chairman of the lower house of the Russian Parliament, also made his way through, as did the prime minister of Armenia, Nikol Pashinyan.

“The participating foreign delegates reflect the state of Iran’s relations with the outside world: low level Western representation along with high level participation by Iran’s neighbors and nonstate allies,” Mr. Vaez said.

Those included representatives of Hamas and Hezbollah, who appeared at the commemorations on Wednesday, amid chants of “Death to America” and “Death to Israel.”

In an address at the funeral ceremonies, Ismail Haniyeh, who leads Hamas’s political wing from exile, recalled meeting with Mr. Raisi in Tehran during the holy month of Ramadan. At that meeting, Mr. Haniyeh said, Mr. Raisi emphasized Iran’s “unchangeable” commitment to the Palestinian cause, according to Iranian state media.

The presence of Mr. Haniyeh — who was later shown on state news media meeting privately with Ayatollah Khamenei — came despite the prospect of a looming arrest warrant from the International Criminal Court on allegations of war crimes and crimes against humanity. (Iran is not party to the statute that established the court.)

Hamas is a significant part of the network of proxies that Iran has developed and supported in the region. The militant group’s attack on Israel in October and Israel’s ensuing war in Gaza dramatically escalated tensions that last month pushed Israel and Iran to exchange rare direct attacks.

The Lebanese militant group Hezbollah, which on Monday commemorated Mr. Raisi as a “big brother,” sent Naim Qassem, its deputy secretary general, to the funeral.

While thousands of government supporters attended the funeral and memorial services across Iran, many Iranians who oppose the government and despised Mr. Raisi for his record of human rights violations showed apathy and some even cheered his death.

As investigators look into what caused the helicopter crash — state media reported that it was because of a “technical failure,” and Iran’s military is leading a commission — more details have emerged about its final moments.

State news media reported that Gholamhossein Esmaili, Iran’s presidential chief of staff, had said that weather conditions were normal when the helicopter took off on Sunday. Mr. Esmaili was in one of the two other helicopters traveling with Mr. Raisi’s that made it home safely.

About 45 minutes into the flight, Mr. Esmaili said, the pilot of Mr. Raisi’s helicopter told the convoy of aircraft to increase altitude to avoid a cloud. But Mr. Raisi’s helicopter disappeared.

Mr. Esmaili told state TV that several attempts to make radio contact failed. One of the passengers on Mr. Raisi’s helicopter, a local prayer leader from Tabriz, eventually answered a phone and said that the helicopter had crashed. The prayer leader, Mohammad Ali Ale-Hashem, later died.

Farnaz Fassihi, Leily Nikounazar and Euan Ward contributed reporting.