Ab Juli: Schnellere Rückerstattung der Kosten bei Wahlärzten

ab juli: schnellere rückerstattung der kosten bei wahlärzten

Ab Juli: Schnellere Rückerstattung der Kosten bei Wahlärzten

Sie gehört für Patienten zu den spürbarsten Veränderungen der Digitalisierung des Gesundheitswesens – die Möglichkeit, Honorarnoten von Wahlärzten nicht selbst bei der Sozialversicherung einreichen und auf die Refundierung der Kosten warten zu müssen. Denn dieser Prozess wird ab Juli dieses Jahres automatisiert erfolgen – zwischen den Ärzten und Kassen der Patienten. Dadurch haben Letztere also zum einen weniger bürokratischen Aufwand, zum anderen kommen sie früher zu ihrem Geld.

Denn ab der zweiten Jahreshälfte sind Wahlärzte (derzeit gibt es in Österreich rund 11.300, und somit mehr als Kassenärzte mit 8300) dazu angehalten, ihre Honorarnoten digital an die jeweiligen Kassen zu übermitteln – vorerst nicht verpflichtend. Bisher mussten (und dürfen weiterhin) die Patienten die Honorarnoten selbst bei ihrer Sozialversicherung einreichen und auf die Refundierung von einem Teil des bezahlten Geldes warten, was mehrere Wochen dauern konnte. Refundiert werden im Übrigen 80 Prozent jener Summe, die ein Kassenarzt für die gleiche Leistung bekommen würde. Dass es nicht 100 Prozent sind, argumentiert die Sozialversicherung hauptsächlich mit dem höheren bürokratischen Aufwand, der bei der Abwicklung anfällt.

Bisherige Begründung obsolet?

Eine Begründung, die Wahlärzte durch die (ebenfalls für dieses Jahr geplante) Anbindung an das E-Card-System und die Elektronische Gesundheitsakte Elga für obsolet halten – sie fordern die Erhöhung der Kostenerstattung von 80 Prozent auf 100 Prozent. Durch die Anbindung soll unter anderem die Versorgungswirksamkeit von Wahlärzten sichtbar werden. Tatsächlich liegen bis heute keine belastbaren Daten darüber vor, welche Rolle sie im Gesundheitssystem wirklich spielen – fest steht nur, dass ohne sie die Versorgung im niedergelassenen Bereich glatt zusammenbrechen würde. Auch die anderen von der Sozialversicherung angeführten Argumente, nämlich die Sicherung des Vertragsarztsystems durch Vorrang des Vertragsarztes vor dem Wahlarzt und eine Art Selbstbehalt für die Wahl des freien Arztes, sehen die Wahlärzte nicht mehr gegeben.

Der Versorgungsbedarf im niedergelassenen Bereich sei in den vergangenen 20 Jahren gestiegen. Einerseits durch die Zunahme der Bevölkerung und des Durchschnittsalters, andererseits durch mehr Behandlungsmöglichkeiten sowie eine häufigere Inanspruchnahme ärztlicher Hilfe durch die Bevölkerung. Diese Zunahme von Behandlungen und Behandlungsfrequenz (häufigere Konsultation von gleichen Patienten pro Zeitraum) habe zu einer Auslastung des kassenärztlichen niedergelassenen Bereiches geführt. Den Mehrbedarf hätten Wahlärzte abgefangen. Somit sei das Wahlarztsystem nicht mehr, wie ursprünglich vom Gesetzgeber vorgesehen, eine zusätzliche Stütze der Versorgung im niedergelassenen Bereich, um die freie Wahl eines Vertrauensarztes zu sichern, sondern eine Conditio sine qua non, eine unabdingbare Voraussetzung, für die Versorgung im niedergelassenen Bereich geworden.

Keine Änderung bei der Höhe

Die Österreichische Gesundheitskasse (ÖGK) sieht das anders. Die Begrenzung der Kostenerstattung sei vom Verfassungsgerichtshof (VfGH) als sachlich gerechtfertigt angesehen worden, weil bei Wahlärzten wegen der Kostenrückerstattung und allfälliger Kontrollmaßnahmen höhere Verwaltungskosten entstehen würden. An dieser Sachlage ändere sich durch die Anbindung der Wahlärzte an die E-Card und Elga nichts. Diese habe kaum Auswirkungen auf den Verwaltungsaufwand der Sozialversicherung, sondern verschaffe Wahlärzten Zugang zu Daten, die für die Behandlung notwendig bzw. hilfreich seien. Ähnlich äußert sich das Gesundheitsministerium und stellt klar, dass eine Anhebung des Rückerstattungbetrags auf 100 Prozent des Kassentarifs derzeit nicht angedacht ist.

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