'감자 전분'으로 '전기차 고속 충전' 해결한다

'감자 전분'으로 '전기차 고속 충전' 해결한다

‘감자 전분’으로 ‘전기차 고속 충전’ 해결한다

국내 연구진이 차세대 배터리 전극 소재로 주목받는 실리콘의 고속 충전 안정성을 높이는 기술을 개발했습니다.

오늘(3일) 한국기술교육대에 따르면 전기차 1회 충전 당 주행거리를 높이기 위한 차세대 전극 소재 기술로 실리콘이 주목받고 있습니다.

그러나 실리콘을 이용한 배터리는 안정성이 부족하고 특히 고속으로 충전할 때 부피가 급격히 팽창하는 문제가 발생해 상용화에 어려움을 겪고 있습니다.

한국기술교육대 박수민 에너지신소재화학공학부 교수 연구팀과 중앙대 남인호 교수 연구팀, 울산과학기술원(UNIST) 이현욱 교수 연구팀은 일상생활에서 흔하게 접하는 감자전분의 독특한 특성에 주목했습니다.

감자전분에 약간의 물을 섞어 전분 현탁액을 만든 뒤 주먹으로 강하게 내리쳐 보면 물이 튀지 않고 딱딱한 고체처럼 느껴집니다.

이런 전분 현탁액은 우블렉(oobleck)이라고 불리는데, 강한 충격도 흡수해 방탄복에도 활용됩니다.

연구팀은 우블렉의 독특한 특성을 이용, 신개념 전극 바인더 기술을 개발했습니다.

고속으로 충전할 때 배터리 내부에서는 전극 소재인 실리콘이 매우 빠르게 팽창하는데, 감자전분의 주성분인 아밀로스와 아밀로펙틴이 순간적으로 단단해지면서 이를 억제하는 원리입니다.

박 교수는 “배터리용 실리콘 음극재의 안정성을 개선하려는 많은 연구자의 노력이 있었는데 이번에 개발한 기술도 그 일환”이라며 “더 멀리 주행하고 더 빠르게 충전하는 전기차를 만드는 데 기술이 활용될 수 있다”고 설명했습니다.

연구 성과를 담은 논문은 지난달 22일 국제 학술지 ‘어드밴스드 에너지 머티리얼스'(Advanced Energy Materials) 온라인판에 실렸습니다.

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