Timor Leste: Negara Kepulauan Sao Tome dan Principe Meminta Portugal Melakukan Reparasi Kolonial

POS-KUPANG.COM, LISBON – Pemerintah negara kepulauan Sao Tome dan Principe di Afrika akan meminta Portugal memperbaiki kerusakan moral yang disebabkan oleh kolonialisme, kata menteri pendidikan dan kebudayaan negara itu pada Kamis (2/5/2024).

Berbicara kepada kantor berita Portugal Lusa, Menteri Isabel Abreu mengatakan pemerintah Sao Tome dan Principe akan menyusun rencana untuk menegosiasikan reparasi dengan Portugal, dan menambahkan bahwa prosesnya akan memakan waktu.

Abreu mengatakan masalah ini akan dibahas pada rapat kabinet pada hari Kamis.

Hal ini terjadi setelah Presiden Portugal Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa, ketika ditanyai oleh Reuters, mengatakan pekan lalu bahwa negaranya bertanggung jawab atas kejahatan yang dilakukan selama perbudakan trans-Atlantik dan era kolonial, dan menyatakan perlunya reparasi.

Komentarnya memicu perdebatan nasional dan kritik keras dari partai-partai sayap kanan.

Pemerintah Portugal yang berhaluan kanan-tengah, yang memiliki kekuasaan eksekutif, mengatakan mereka tidak akan memulai proses apa pun untuk membayar reparasi, bertentangan dengan komentar dari Rebelo de Sousa, seorang konservatif. Sebaliknya, mereka menyerukan rekonsiliasi.

Selama lebih dari empat abad, hampir 6 juta orang Afrika diculik dan diangkut secara paksa melintasi Atlantik dengan kapal Portugis dan dijual sebagai budak, terutama di Brasil.

Era kolonial Portugal menyaksikan negara-negara seperti Angola, Mozambik, Brasil, Tanjung Verde, Sao Tome dan Principe, Timor Timur dan beberapa wilayah di Asia tunduk pada kekuasaan Portugis.

Menanggapi komentar Rebelo de Sousa, duta besar Mozambik untuk PBB menyambut baik pernyataan tersebut dan mengatakan bahwa menghadapi masa lalu “sudah merupakan tindakan reparasi” namun “akan lebih baik jika kita bisa melakukan lebih dari itu”.

Presiden Cape Verde Jose Maria Neves mengatakan pada hari Senin bahwa perlu adanya diskusi untuk “mencapai pemahaman dan konsensus mengenai masalah ini”.

Menteri Kesetaraan Rasial Brasil, Anielle Franco, mengatakan kepada portal berita G1 bahwa timnya telah menghubungi pemerintah Portugal untuk membahas masalah ini.

Para penentang reparasi berpendapat, antara lain, bahwa negara dan institusi masa kini tidak seharusnya bertanggung jawab atas perbudakan yang terjadi di masa lalu. Para advokat mengatakan tindakan diperlukan untuk mengatasi warisan perbudakan yang menimpa masyarakat miskin dan negara-negara saat ini masih mendapatkan keuntungan dari kekayaan yang dihasilkan oleh kerja tidak berbayar selama ratusan tahun.

Gagasan membayar reparasi atau melakukan perbaikan terhadap perbudakan transatlantik memiliki sejarah panjang dan masih diperdebatkan, namun telah mendapatkan momentum di seluruh dunia.

Sekjen PBB Antonio Guterres bulan lalu mengatakan reparasi diperlukan untuk mengatasi “diskriminasi selama beberapa generasi”.

(straitstimes.com/reuters)

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