Ce plat typique espagnol et adoré des touristes est menacé : mais pourquoi ?

ce plat typique espagnol et adoré des touristes est menacé : mais pourquoi ?

Est menacé plus particulièrement le riz «bomba», élément essentiel de ce plat emblématique.

Si son nom vient du récipient en métal à deux anses dans lequel elle est cuite – «paella» signifiant «poêle» en langue valencienne – c’est aussi pour nous rappeler ses origines paysannes. Dans la presqu’île de l’Albufera à dix kilomètres au sud de Valencia, région d’origine de la paella, les riziculteurs ont imaginé au XVIIIe siècle un plat nourrissant cuit au feu de bois avec les moyens du bord : légumes, canards, poulets, lapins, escargots, safran… Aujourd’hui, la recette s’est adaptée aux saisons et se décline à l’infini. À condition de ne pas ajouter de chorizo. C’est comme si on mettait du saucisson dans une blanquette de veau!

Les amateurs de paellas ne s’y trompent pas et utilisent exclusivement le riz rond bomba. Depuis 1997, il existe un label d’origine «Arroz de Valencia» garantissant la culture de ces trois variétés locales (bomba, senia, bahia) dans un environnement naturel unique lié à son système d’irrigation hérité des Maures. Le riz bomba surnommé «accordéon» a une grande capacité d’absorption de l’eau de cuisson. Moins collant que les autres, il peut vite se transformer en «socarrat», cette fine couche de riz croustillante qui donne à la paella toute sa saveur. Du bomba sinon rien, donc !

La sonnette d’alarme sur le riz bomba a sonné et les riziculteurs ne décolèrent pas! Non seulement les changements climatiques empêchent un niveau de production habituel, la province de Valencia est le quatrième producteur de riz en Espagne, en plus, la communauté européenne s’en est mêlée. Elle veut interdire l’utilisation de certains fongicides mettant en péril l’écosystème. Une intention légitime qui n’est malheureusement pas appliquée pour les riz d’importation. Drôle d’époque pour un plat traditionnel qui fait la fierté d’un pays !

EN VIDÉO – Deux personnes arrêtées pour avoir volé des centaines de jambons ibériques de grande valeur en Espagne

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