美금리 동결 후 엔달러 환율 급락…日정부 개입 가능성

美금리 동결 후 엔달러 환율 급락…日정부 개입 가능성

4월 29일 외환시장에서 오전 한때 엔달러 환율이 160엔을 돌파했다. 사진은 서울 중구 하나은행 위변조대응센터에서 직원이 엔화와 달러화를 정리하는 모습.연합뉴스 연합뉴스

역대 최고 수준에 근접했던 엔달러 환율이 1일(현지시간) 미국 연방준비제도이사회(연준)의 연방공개시장위원회(FOMC) 회의 결과 발표 후 153엔까지 급격히 떨어졌다. 금리 동결 발표 전만 해도 157엔대였던 환율이 하락한 데 일본 정부가 개입했다는 분석이 나왔다.

2일 새벽 도쿄 외환시장에서도 엔달러 환율은 157엔대 후반이었다가 제롬 파월 연준 의장이 금리 동결을 발표한 지 한 시간쯤 지나 강세를 보이더니 153엔까지 하락했다. 닛케이는 4.5엔 가까이 급락하는 데 40분이 걸렸다고 전했다. 오후 8시 현재 환율은 달러당 155엔대에 머물러 있다.

급작스러운 환율 움직임에 외환시장에서는 일본 정부의 개입 가능성이 제기됐다. 이에 대해 교도통신은 “일본 정부와 일본은행이 2일 새벽 외환시장에서 3조엔(약 26조 6000억원) 규모의 엔화 매수·달러화 매도 개입을 했을 가능성이 있다”고 보도했다.

이날 연준이 금리를 동결하자 일본 정부가 미국과 일본 간 금리 차이에 엔화 가치가 또다시 떨어질 것으로 보고 지난달 29일에 이어 다시 나섰다는 것이다. 당시에도 엔달러 환율이 34년 만에 처음 160엔 선을 넘은 뒤 4엔 넘게 급락했는데, 이 과정에서 일본 당국이 5조 5000억엔(48조 7000억원)을 시장 개입에 사용했을 수 있다는 보도가 나왔다. 일본 당국은 이에 대해 어떤 언급도 하지 않고 있다.

엔저 불안감에 일본 정부가 나서 가치 하락을 막고 있지만 임시방편에 불과하다는 비판이 많다. 사사키 도오루 후쿠오카 파이낸셜그룹 수석 분석가는 니혼게이자이신문에 “(정부) 개입이 효과가 없다는 상황이 나오면 투기꾼들이 다음번 (정부) 개입 때 이와 상관없이 엔화를 팔고 달러를 사는 움직임이 더 빨라질 것”이라고 말했다.

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