日銀利上げ、8割近くが借入金利の上昇懸念 輸入コスト低下期待も 主要企業アンケート

日銀利上げ、8割近くが借入金利の上昇懸念 輸入コスト低下期待も 主要企業アンケート

日銀利上げ、8割近くが借入金利の上昇懸念 輸入コスト低下期待も 主要企業アンケート

産経新聞は主要企業を対象に4月上旬~下旬にアンケートを実施し、110社から回答を得た。日本銀行が3月にマイナス金利政策を解除したことで、企業の経営環境も変化しつつあり、17年ぶりとなる利上げのビジネスへの影響として、約8割の企業が借入金利の上昇を懸念していることがわかった。歴史的な円安の是正を期待する声も多いが、日銀は慎重に金融政策の正常化を進めたい考えだ。低金利環境が続くうちに、企業は次の利上げに備える必要がある。

日銀利上げ、8割近くが借入金利の上昇懸念 輸入コスト低下期待も 主要企業アンケート

マイナス金利解除の影響について、4社に1社は「どちらともいえない(プラスとマイナスの影響が同程度)」と答えた。「好影響の方が大きい」と「悪影響の方が大きい」は16%ずつと回答がばらけた。

悪影響の具体的な内容を複数回答で聞くと、「借入金利の上昇」が76%とトップ。「社債や株式の市場からの資金調達環境の悪化」(36%)、「顧客の消費活動に悪影響」(31%)が続いた。

「顧客の設備投資意欲の低下や不動産売買市場の減速につながることに留意が必要」(建設業)という意見もあった。

好影響の具体例では、「行き過ぎた円安の是正」と「部材や素材、エネルギーの輸入価格の下落」がいずれも31%。「投資収益の改善」は22%、「資金貸出収益の拡大」は16%だった。特に金融・保険業は「運用利回りの向上」や「貯蓄から投資への流れの加速」などの期待が大きい。このほか「経済全体の正常化」(製造業)といった声もある。

日銀の金融政策に関連して、企業が最も関心を寄せているのは円相場の動向だろう。アンケートの回答締め切り後の4月29日には一時、1ドル=160円台をつけた。

政策金利は経済や物価、金融情勢などさまざまな要素を勘案して決まる。植田和男総裁も「当面、緩和的な金融環境が継続する」と説明する。「金利のある世界」が本格的に訪れる前に、企業は資金調達方法や価格戦略の見直しが急務となっている。(米沢文)

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