Penjelasan BMKG Soal Gelombang Cuaca Panas Melanda Indonesia

TRIBUNPADANG.COM – Badan Meteorologi, Klimatologi, dan Geofisika (BMKG) menjelaskan penyebab suhu panas yang terjadi di wilayah Indonesia.

Berdarkan data BMKG, kondisi suhu panas di wilayah Indonesia dengan nilai di atas 36°C tercatat pada beberapa wilayah, seperti di Deli Serdang (Sumatera Utara) 37,1 °C, Medan (Sumatera Utara) 36,6 °C, Kapuas Hulu (Kalimantan Barat) 36,6 °C, Sidoarjo (Jawa Timur) 36,6 °C dan Bengkulu sebesar 36,6 °C.

Diketahui, Deputi Bidang Meteorologi, Guswanto telah mengamati kejadian fenomena gelombang panas (heat wave) yang terjadi di sebagian wilayah Asia dalam sepekan terakhir.

Melansir Siarann Pers BMKG, dikatakan Guswanto, fenomena gelombang panas tersebut tidak terkait dengan kondisi suhu panas yang terjadi di wilayah Indonesia.

Hal ini karena fenomena udara panas yang terjadi di Indonesia belakangan merupakan fenomena yang bersiklus terjadi setiap tahun sebagai akibat adanya gerak semu matahari dan kondisi cuaca cerah pada siang hari.

Guswanto menjelaskan bahwa istilah gelombang panas menurut World Meteorological Organization (WMO) merupakan fenomena kondisi udara panas yang berkepanjangan selama 5 hari atau lebih secara berturut-turut, dengan suhu maksimum harian lebih tinggi dari suhu maksimum rata-rata hingga 5°C atau lebih.

Fenomena gelombang panas ini umumnya terjadi di wilayah lintang menengah-tinggi seperti wilayah Eropa, Amerika, dan sebagian wilayah Asia.

“Secara meteorologis, hal tersebut dapat terjadi karena adanya udara panas yang terperangkap di suatu wilayah dekat permukaan akibat anomali dinamika atmosfer,” ujar Guswanto.

“Sehingga aliran udara tidak bergerak dalam skala yang luas, misalnya pada sistem tekanan tinggi skala luas dalam periode cukup lama. Kondisi atmosfer tersebut sulit terjadi di wilayah Indonesia yang berada di wilayah ekuator,” lanjutnya.

Selain itu, BMKG juga telah memprediksikan bahwa sebagian besar wilayah Indonesia, yaitu sebanyak 63,66 persen zona musim akan memasuki periode musim kemarau pada bulan Mei hingga Agustus 2024.

“Memasuki periode Mei, sebagian wilayah Indonesia mulai mengalami awal kemarau dan sebagian wilayah lainnya masih mengalami periode peralihan musim atau pancaroba, sehingga potensi fenomena suhu panas dan kondisi cerah di siang hari masih mendominasi cuaca secara umum di awal Mei 2024,” papar Guswanto.

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