Neuerliche Spannungen drohen - Serben im Norden des Kosovo boykottieren kontroverses Referendum

neuerliche spannungen drohen - serben im norden des kosovo boykottieren kontroverses referendum

Serben im Norden des Kosovo boykottierten am Sonntag ein Referendum zur Absetzung ethnisch albanischer Bürgermeister – eine Entscheidung, die zu Spannungen in der Region führt.

Nach Angaben der Wahlkommission des Landes lehnten die meisten Serben im instabilen Norden des Kosovo ein lokales Referendum ab, das am Sonntag stattfand und über die Absetzung der ethnisch albanischen Bürgermeister in vier Gemeinden entschied. Deren Ernennung hatte im vergangenen Jahr zu Gewaltausbrüchen geführt. Das berichtet die Nachrichtenagentur „Reuters“.

Weniger als 100 von 46.000 serbischen Wählern geben ihre Stimme ab

Der Kosovo, eine ehemalige serbische Provinz, erklärte 2008 seine Unabhängigkeit. Das Land ist überwiegend von ethnischen Albanern bewohnt, aber rund 50.000 Serben im Norden lehnen die Regierung in Pristina ab und sehen Belgrad als ihre Hauptstadt. Serbien hat die Unabhängigkeit des Kosovo nie anerkannt.

Bis zum Mittag am Sonntag hatten weniger als 100 der etwa 46.000 registrierten serbischen Wähler in allen vier überwiegend serbischen Gemeinden – Nord-Mitrovica, Zvecan, Zubin Potok und Leposavic – ihre Stimmen abgegeben, wie die Kommission berichtete. Die Abstimmung begann um 7 Uhr morgens und sollte um 19 Uhr enden.

Kontroverse um vorgezogenes Bürgermeister-Referendum

Im September letzten Jahres hatte die Regierung in Pristina, auch nach Druck aus dem Westen, zugestimmt, die lokalen Wahlen im Norden des Kosovo zu annullieren und neue abzuhalten, nachdem die dortigen Serben im April 2023 die Wahl massiv boykottiert hatten.

Pristinas Vorschlag, vor den Neuwahlen ein Referendum über die Absetzung der vier Bürgermeister durchzuführen, stieß auf Ablehnung bei der örtlichen Führungspartei „Srpska Lista“. Ihrer Ansicht nach hätten die Bürgermeister einfach vor einer neuen Abstimmung zurücktreten sollen.

Lokale Führungspartei wirft Pristina Einschüchterung vor

Die Srpska Lista behauptete laut „Reuters“, die Integrität des Referendums sei durch eine Kampagne von Druck und Einschüchterung lokaler Serben durch die Regierung des Kosovo untergraben worden. Pristina wies diese Anschuldigung aber zurück.

Zudem gab die Partei an, das Referendum sei nicht Teil einer ursprünglichen Vereinbarung zwischen Pristina, Belgrad und internationalen Vermittlern, die darauf abzielte, die Pattsituation über die Regierungsführung im Norden des Kosovo zu lösen.

Dem Bericht von „Reuters“ zufolge rief die Srpska Lista zudem die Serben vor Ort dazu auf, die Bürgermeister-Nachwahlen zu boykottieren, was die Spannungen zwischen Belgrad und Pristina weiter verschärfte.

Seit Jahren keine Entspannung im Verhältnis zwischen Serbien und Kosovo

Ende 2022 eskalierte der Streit um die vier Bürgermeisterposten, als Serben alle offiziellen Posten, einschließlich Polizei und lokaler Verwaltung, im Zuge einer Auseinandersetzung über die Entscheidung Pristinas, kosovarische Kfz-Kennzeichen für die Serben im Nordkosovo einzuführen, niederlegten.

Trotz jahrelanger Vermittlungsgespräche zur Normalisierung ihrer Beziehungen sind Belgrad und Pristina nur langsam vorangekommen. Die diplomatischen Fortschritte wurden immer wieder durch Gewaltausbrüche zwischen Serben im Norden des Kosovo und der kosovarischen Polizei und gelegentlich auch NATO-Friedenstruppen überschattet.

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