La peligrosa tendencia a endeudarse

la peligrosa tendencia a endeudarse

Julio Alejandro Millán

Las estimaciones sobre los indicadores de las finanzas públicas para el cierre de 2024 y lo propuesto para 2025 plasmados en los Precriterios Generales de Política Económica para 2025, nos arrojan resultados de interés especialmente en lo referente a la evolución de la deuda. Si bien el Saldo Histórico de los Requerimientos Financieros del Sector Público (SHRFSP) se mantendría en un nivel de 50.2% del PIB para ambos años, es de llamar la atención que en términos monetarios la deuda para 2025 se incrementaría en 1.1 billones de pesos, luego de que al cierre de 2024 se habrá incrementado en 2.2 billones respecto al cierre de 2023.

Para el cierre de 2024 se estima que los ingresos presupuestales se incrementen en 144 mil millones de pesos respecto de lo aprobado lo que implicaría llegar a 21.9% respecto al PIB, un aumento de 0.6 puntos porcentuales, mientras que el gasto neto presupuestario se incrementaría en 121 mil millones, cerrando en 26.9% del producto; con ello, el déficit presupuestario tradicional cerraría en 1.7 billones de pesos, equivalente a 5.0% medido como porcentaje del PIB.

Respecto de los Requerimientos Financieros del Sector Público (RFSP) para el cierre de 2024 pasarán de 5.4% del PIB a 5.9%, lo que implica un incremento de 132 mil 265 millones de pesos, acumulando 1.99 billones de pesos. De forma discreta el gobierno federal se está desviando de los niveles de deuda autorizados por el Congreso, lo que es una señal de alarma en especial si consideramos la trayectoria de endeudamiento que se ha delineado durante el sexenio.

El Saldo Histórico de los Requerimientos Financieros (SHRFSP) cerraría 2024 con un monto de 17.05 billones de pesos, un incremento de 2.18 billones respecto al cierre de 2023, lo que implica un aumento de 9.7% en términos reales. Con respecto al PIB, el saldo aumentaría de 48.8% a 50.2%, lo que según la autoridad hacendaria representa una deuda pública sostenible, cumpliendo con la meta del balance presupuestario y el incremento del gasto público.

Sin embargo, no debe escapar que durante el sexenio este saldo histórico habrá pasado de 10.55 billones de pesos en diciembre de 2018 a 17.05 billones al cierre de 2024, un incremento de 22.3% en términos reales en la deuda pública, y que a juzgar por lo planteado en los Precriterios se pretende seguir aumentando el endeudamiento en 1.1 billones de pesos más para 2025.

Nuestro país ha demostrado que históricamente no sabe hacer un uso responsable de la deuda; generalmente, como es en este caso también, la deuda la usamos con objeto de financiar proyectos improductivos y gasto social, lo que sólo lleva a generar una carga importante a las finanzas públicas.

El país prácticamente se encuentra al filo de caer en un “perverso tobogán de deuda” con un final insospechado. El aumento de la deuda no es más que la resistencia de los gobiernos por ajustarse a los recursos disponibles y pretender seguir gastando sin medida. La solución es poco popular; se trata de incrementar los ingresos fiscales a partir de la reforma fiscal y hacendaria, o bien recortar el gasto, lo que este gobierno ha estado renuente a hacer.

Todo esto lleva a la reflexión de que los países deben aprender a vivir con lo que tienen, no volverse pretenciosos a costa del futuro. Si bien la deuda actual no es insostenible, el riesgo es que llegue a un punto de no retorno, con ausencia de equilibrio en los presupuestos e incapacidad de continuar invirtiendo en fines productivos. Con cada cambio de sexenio vienen nuevas ambiciones y propuestas de campaña a cumplir y que para realizarse requieren de más gasto, por lo que se corre el riesgo de repetir el ciclo hasta que sea insostenible.

Presidente de Consultores Internacionales, S.C.

Únete a nuestro canal ¡EL UNIVERSAL ya está en Whatsapp!, desde tu dispositivo móvil entérate de las noticias más relevantes del día, artículos de opinión, entretenimiento, tendencias y más.

OTHER NEWS

8 minutes ago

PGA Tour pro takes video of brutal lie after not getting ruling he hoped for

9 minutes ago

Ryan Reynolds jokes his fourth baby’s name is up to Taylor Swift

9 minutes ago

Brandon Lee’s The Crow producer says it’s ‘tragic’ Alec Baldwin has been ‘held responsible’ for Rust shooting

9 minutes ago

Man risks losing finger in viral Tesla Cybertruck 'frunk' sensor test video

9 minutes ago

Julia Fox reveals she’s been celibate for more than two years

9 minutes ago

Eurovision banned the EU flag from the song contest. The EU is angry and wants to know why

9 minutes ago

Red Lobster eyes bankruptcy option after $11M in losses from endless shrimp

9 minutes ago

GM's Cruise to start testing robotaxis in Phoenix area with human safety drivers on board

9 minutes ago

OpenAI announces new version of AI language model that fuels ChatGPT

9 minutes ago

10 primaries to watch in Maryland, Nebraska and West Virginia

10 minutes ago

AI hype is lifting these dividend payers. These names may actually benefit, Wells Fargo says

10 minutes ago

Video: James Argent has struck up a shock romance with Love Island winner Ekin-Su Cülcüloğlu after the pair grew close following her dramatic Celebrity Big Brother exit

10 minutes ago

When it comes to Tesla, Americans are living in different universes

10 minutes ago

The Unique (And Very Cool) Golf Ball Rory McIlroy Used In Wells Fargo Victory

10 minutes ago

Keir Starmer faces crunch union talks as poll shows Tory voters back Labour's worker reforms

10 minutes ago

Stay-at-home girlfriends: why Gen Z are rejecting 'girlboss' culture

10 minutes ago

Xiaomi Already Has a Tesla Model Y Fighter In The Works: Report

10 minutes ago

AMD Linux devs jamming nearly 24,000 lines of RDNA 4 supporting code into its mainstream driver suggests next-gen launch may be close at hand

10 minutes ago

Taquerías rally to help save L.A. food website that put many of them on the map

10 minutes ago

Bruins Make Roster Moves Ahead of Game 5

10 minutes ago

BofA's Moynihan Talks US Economy, Lending and M&A

10 minutes ago

UFC Fight Night 241: Make your predictions for Edson Barboza vs. Lerone Murphy

11 minutes ago

Sen. Menendez bribery trial starts with judge scolding lawyers on ‘gamesmanship'

11 minutes ago

TV star says cyclists shouldn’t face tougher laws as most people aren’t fit enough to go very fast

15 minutes ago

Aerobic exercise proves most effective for combating obesity-related inflammation

15 minutes ago

Post Office victims not exonerated ‘being punished for efficiency and courage’

15 minutes ago

Sole Liberal government could lose day-one Speaker vote

15 minutes ago

Mary McLeod Bethune, known as the ‘First Lady of Negro America,’ also sought to unify the African diaspora

15 minutes ago

Stormont ‘lost the respect of public’ to follow Covid-19 restrictions – Robin Swann

15 minutes ago

Bruins GM Don Sweeney wants league, officials to bring transparency to calls

15 minutes ago

Report: Rockets will go star-hunting with No. 3 overall pick

15 minutes ago

HR Ministry to start implementing Wage Protection Service for house workers from July 1

15 minutes ago

Aurora australis stuns Australian stargazers – and you can still watch it

15 minutes ago

Eric Clapton's 'Wonderful Tonight' guitar up for sale, cigarette burns included

15 minutes ago

This top 100 player withdrew from 2024 PGA Championship, marking his third WD in four starts

15 minutes ago

Panthers HC has awkward exchange with reporters after Game 4 win against Bruins

15 minutes ago

Students walk out of Jerry Seinfeld's Duke commencement speech after comedian's support of Israel

16 minutes ago

Buccaneers make Antoine Winfield highest-paid DB in NFL with new contract

16 minutes ago

24 NFL veterans on thin ice after 2024 draft: Kirk Cousins among players feeling pressure

17 minutes ago

Texas man tests out-of-state abortions by asking court to subpoena his ex

18 minutes ago

The CBC modernization panel has been named. Here’s who’s on it

18 minutes ago

Slow down, move over: The law for roadside workers many drivers don’t seem to know

18 minutes ago

Casorso underpass along Kelowna’s Mission Creek Greenway closed

18 minutes ago

Ontario photographer chasing northern lights captures stunning images

20 minutes ago

QUENTIN LETTS: Rishi wasn't giving us Project Fear but Project Keir - zero in on the clunker. Couldn't happen to a nicer chap…

20 minutes ago

Giovanni Pernice, 33, joins model girlfriend Molly Brown, 25, fore a smouldering snap as they enjoy a romantic trip to Dubai

20 minutes ago

Video: WNBA teams up with Kim Kardashian's SKIMS as Candace Parker, Cameron Brink, and Kelsey Plum strip down to their underwear for sultry new ad

20 minutes ago

Video: Whole Foods shopper pays for groceries in VERY confusing way

20 minutes ago

Video: Julia Fox makes VERY risque joke about her two-and-a-half year celibacy as star dons bizarre outfit made of SNEAKERS for interview

20 minutes ago

GameStop shares surge 119% after Roaring Kitty posts for the first time in 3 years - causing short squeeze that costs hedge funds $1 billion

20 minutes ago

New chinchilla-like mammal discovered in Colorado provides new clues about how life bounced back after asteroid wiped out dinosaurs

20 minutes ago

Inside Harry and Meghan's 'discreet' £3,000-a-night presidential suite where the couple stayed during their 'not-royal-tour' of Nigeria

21 minutes ago

Donald Trump's defence scrambles as bombshell tape branded 'critical' piece of evidence

21 minutes ago

As farmers block BJP in Haryana and Punjab, party meets poll officials, candidates say ‘reduced to begging’

21 minutes ago

NASCAR announces in-season tournament for 2025 Cup Series season

22 minutes ago

Mark Hamill Has A-Plus Response To Jesse Watters’ ‘C-List’ Ding

22 minutes ago

Erdogan confirms ancient Istanbul church converted to mosque

22 minutes ago

Israel-Gaza live updates: Almost 360,000 have fled Rafah, UN agency says

22 minutes ago

How to help recession-proof your ASX share portfolio in May 2024

26 minutes ago

City announces more changes to Chicago Pride Parade, reversing course after reducing event size

28 minutes ago

REVEALED: Shocking transformation of 12-year-old girl 'tortured to death by dad and his fiancé in basement'... as picture reveals chilling detail on victim's hand

28 minutes ago

UN slashes estimate of women and children killed in Gaza by 50 PERCENT

28 minutes ago

Trump can’t trust Nikki Haley as vice president

28 minutes ago

Prince Harry and Meghan Markle visit Nigeria, and more from around the world

29 minutes ago

These stocks are set to gain the most over the next month, according to an AI model

30 minutes ago

Must Read: Chanel to Restage Cruise 2025 in Hong Kong, Andam Names 2024 Innovation Award Winner

30 minutes ago

This Lucrative US Industry Is 500,000 Workers Short And Seeks More People Under 40 To Sign Up

30 minutes ago

Trina Robbins obituary

30 minutes ago

From $50 Startup Costs to Earning $7.3M Yearly: How Kevin Espiritu Built an Online Gardening Empire

30 minutes ago

Who is Michael Cohen, the 'pathological liar' at the center of Trump's hush-money case?

30 minutes ago

PM Narendra Modi wears Sikh turban, serves food in langar at Gurdwara Patna Sahib | Watch

30 minutes ago

California revamps how it charges for electricity

30 minutes ago

GE Vernova slips as Trump pledges executive order against wind energy

30 minutes ago

Melinda exits Gates Foundation with $A19b for charity

31 minutes ago

Buccaneers make safety Antoine Winfield Jr. NFL's highest-paid DB

31 minutes ago

NASCAR to debut in-season tournament with $1M prize in 2025

31 minutes ago

Bruins' Brad Marchand returns to ice, will travel for Game 5

31 minutes ago

Buccaneers, Antoine Winfield agree to 4-year, $81.4M contract

32 minutes ago

New York City FC coach repeats denial of allegations he punched a Toronto FC player

33 minutes ago

Stormont ‘lost the respect of public’ to follow Covid-19 restrictions – Swann

33 minutes ago

The Fed’s 2% inflation target is a ‘pipe dream’ and stocks are set to drop 10%, Stifel’s Barry Bannister warns

33 minutes ago

6 months after a complete reboot, Remedy cancels the multiplayer game it was making with Tencent

33 minutes ago

Junkyard Find: 2008 Mercury Sable, Press Loaner Flashback Edition

33 minutes ago

Jan Kniffen on the state of consumer: Spending is slowing marginally

33 minutes ago

Legendary Steelers LB James Harrison Detailed How Nickname 'Deebo' Emerged

33 minutes ago

An opportunity to grow cricket, remove expat tag: US cricket chief

33 minutes ago

Universal Credit change means 180,000 claimants must seek more work

33 minutes ago

AI knowledge gets your foot in the door for job interviews, says study

34 minutes ago

A setback for PM's Rwanda plan - and he can't blame 'leftie lawyers'

34 minutes ago

Wigan Warriors coach confirms Liam Byrne appeal verdict ahead of Challenge Cup semi-final

34 minutes ago

WATCH: British Speedgolf championship returns in Berkshire after a five-year pause

35 minutes ago

Should You Try The “Fridge Test” To Tell If Your Olive Oil Is Fake?

35 minutes ago

Boos heard as some students holding a Palestinian flag walk out of commencement

35 minutes ago

Arsenal dealt transfer blow as move for LaLiga star is ruled out by his manager

35 minutes ago

Coffee Meets Bagel Co-Founder celebrates AANHPI Month

37 minutes ago

Kaia Gerber models the same 'I told ya' shirt that Zendaya wore in her movie Challengers

37 minutes ago

Jim Parsons reveals why he DIDN'T want to reprise The Big Bang Theory character for the Young Sheldon finale - as he's set to appear in last episode of prequel spinoff

37 minutes ago

How Happy Valley star Sarah Lancashire and on-screen sister Siobhan Finneran let loose at the TV Baftas after party despite missing out

37 minutes ago

Tesla settles ex-worker’s lawsuit alleging she was fired after being sexually harassed 100 times

37 minutes ago

Manchester United carry on through it all. They’ve a waterfall