Índice inflacionario preferido de Fed muestra que presiones de precios siguieron altas en marzo

índice inflacionario preferido de fed muestra que presiones de precios siguieron altas en marzo

EEUU-GASTO DE CONSUMO

WASHINGTON (AP) — Un índice inflacionario vigilado a detalle por la Reserva Federal permaneció en un nivel inesperadamente alto en marzo, lo que probablemente refuerza la renuencia del banco central a reducir las tasas de interés y significa un lastre en la campaña de reelección del presidente Joe Biden.

El informe oficial del viernes indica que los precios aumentaron 0,3% de febrero a marzo, lo mismo que el mes anterior. Fue el tercer mes consecutivo en que el índice permanece por encima de lo que requiere el objetivo del 2% de la Fed. Con respecto al año anterior, los precios aumentaron 2,7% en marzo, comparado con el 2,5% anual en febrero.

Después del pico de 7,1% en 2022, el índice inflacionario preferido de la Fed se enfrió durante la mayor parte de 2023. Pero en lo que va de este año, el índice permanece por encima de la tasa que busca el banco central. Los aumentos de la gasolina, así como de los precios de restaurantes, salud, refacción de automóviles y seguros, entre otros, mantienen elevados los incrementos de precios,

Los aumentos de precios de los autos nuevos, las reparaciones y refacciones han sido particularmente elevados. Los seguros de autos, uno de los principales motores de la inflación en los meses recientes, aumentaron 8% en marzo con respecto al año anterior.

Los precios de la gasolina subieron el mes pasado, dijo el gobierno: 1,6% de febrero a marzo. Los precios en lo que va de abril han registrado una mayor alza, a un promedio nacional de 3,66 dólares el galón (3,5 litros) comparado con 3,53 dólares hace un mes.

En cambio, los precios de los abarrotes no cambiaron con respecto al mes pasado y aumentaron apenas 1,5% en el año.

“Esto no le va a gustar mucho a la Fed”, dijo Ryan Swift, economista jefe para Estados Unidos de Oxford Economics. “Me parece claro que seguirán manteniendo las tasas altas por más tiempo”.

Swift, como otros economistas, no vislumbra una baja de las tasas antes de setiembre.

Los datos del viernes indican que los precios “básicos”, excluyendo los rubros volátiles de alimentos y energía, aumentaron 0,3% de febrero a marzo, igual que el mes anterior. En comparación con el año anterior, los precios básicos aumentaron 2,8% por segundo mes consecutivo. La Fed vigila estrechamente los precios básicos, que constituyen un indicio particularmente exacto de la marcha de la inflación.

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