Cuáles son los músculos de la pierna y cómo aumentarlos: 4 ejercicios clave

cuáles son los músculos de la pierna y cómo aumentarlos: 4 ejercicios clave

Cuáles son los músculos de la pierna y cómo aumentarlos: 4 ejercicios clave

Aumentar el tamaño de los músculos de las piernas es uno de los objetivos que tienen las personas que realizan actividad física de manera constante, entrenar estos músculos es importante para desarrollar fuerza, velocidad y estabilidad, y son claves para el desarrollo integral de una buena condición física.

De acuerdo con la página web del gimnasio Gymshark, lo más recomendable es entrenar pierna entre dos a tres veces por semana, esto dará tiempo a los músculos para recuperarse, adaptase y crecer, por eso, así como el ejercicio, el descanso es indispensable para el crecimiento de la masa muscular.

Por otro lado, la alimentación también resulta siendo clave en el proceso de aumento de masa muscular, hay algunos alimentos que ayudan específicamente a aumentar los glúteos y las piernas, por lo que deberían hacer parte de su dieta diaria.

Principales músculos de la pierna

Según un artículo de la Clínica de medicina deportiva Alai, la mayoría de los músculos de la pierna se pueden considerar como músculos largos, pues se estiran grandes distancias; también cuenta con músculos más pequeños que se encargan de apoyar a los más grandes con el movimiento de las articulaciones, su estabilización, otros movimientos, etc.

Hay múltiples músculos en la estructura de la pierna, los cuales se pueden dividir por zonas, para mayor facilidad y que suelen trabajar en el entrenamiento físico, algunos de los principales son:

  • Glúteos: están conformados por el glúteo mayor, el glúteo mediano y el glúteo menor.
  • Cuádriceps: vasto medio, vasto medial, vasto lateral y recto anterior
  • Isquiotibiales: bíceps femoral, semimembranoso y semitendinoso
  • Pantorrilla: gastrocnemio o gemelos, sóleo y plantaris. Abductores: glúteo mediano, glúteo menos y músculo piramidal.
  • Aductores: aductor mayor, aductor mediano, músculo pectíneo, músculo grácil.

Cómo entrenar cada grupo muscular

Si quiere entrenar gran parte de los músculos de sus piernas, hay algunos ejercicios que sí o sí deberían estar presentes en su rutina y durante un tiempo determinado para ver resultados. Estos son algunos de los ejercicios que puede hacer en su casa y sin recurrir a máquinas o implementos profesionales.

1. Sentadillas

Este suele ser uno de los ejercicios más comunes al entrenar pierna, de acuerdo con la Clínica Mayo, estos ejercicios están enfocados en el crecimiento de los músculos de los glúteos, los isquiotibiales y los cuádriceps. Este ejercicio ayuda a mejorar la capacidad de desarrollar algunas actividades diarias y a mejorar el rendimiento deportivo.

Puede agregar peso a este ejercicio y realizar entre 12 a 15 repeticiones por serie, el número de series puede ser determinado por la condición de cada persona.

2. Estocadas

Este ejercicio trabaja los cuádriceps y los isquiotibiales, los glúteos y en menor medida los músculos de la parte inferior de la pierna. Es un ejercicio perfecto para desarrollar fuerza en el tren inferior, por lo que suele ser frecuente en los entrenamientos de deportes como el fútbol y el tenis.

Para realizar una estocada lo primero que debe hacer es ponerse de pie con la espalda completamente recta, deberá avanzar con un pie e inclinar el tronco un poco hacia adelante hasta que la rodilla llegue a un ángulo de 90 grados y la rodilla trasera se encuentre paralela al suelo. Una vez en esta posición deberá doblar la rodilla de atrás hasta casi tocar el suelo, hacer algunas repeticiones y cambiar de pierna.

3. Saltos con rodillas altas

Ejercitar las pantorrillas puede resultar complicado, sin embargo, hay múltiples ejercicios sencillos que ayudan a fortalecer este grupo muscular. Uno de ellos son los saltos con rodillas altas, algo así como correr sin avanzar, deberá llevar las rodillas hasta el pecho.

Este ejercicio puede realizarlo por un periodo de 30 segundos y hacer entre 5 y 10 series. Al momento de realizar ejercicio siempre debe tener en cuenta su condición física y las recomendaciones dadas por un experto.

4. Step-Up

Este es un ejercicio muy simple y solo necesitar un cajón, una silla o un escalón donde hacer el movimiento y que tenga una altura como la de la rodilla; este ejercicio trabaja los cuádriceps, los gemelos y otros músculos como los flexores de la cadera y la musculatura del abdomen.

Lo primero que debe hacer es ubicarse delante del objeto que va a subir, con las piernas abiertas a la anchura de la cadera, con los brazos estirados a ambos lados del cuerpo. Eleve su pierna derecha y se apoya en la parte superior del cajón, manteniendo la espalda erguida, suba la otra pierna y luego vuelva a bajar la pierna derecha.

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