世界初の「歯生え薬」 9月に治験開始 2030年の発売目指す

世界初の「歯生え薬」 9月に治験開始 2030年の発売目指す

記者会見する北野病院の高橋克・歯科口腔外科主任部長(左から2人目)ら研究チーム=大阪市北区の北野病院で2024年5月2日午後2時33分、露木陽介撮影

 北野病院(大阪市北区)などの研究チームは2日、世界初の「歯生え薬」の治験を京都大医学部付属病院で始めると発表した。安全性を確認した上で、生まれつき歯の数が足りない「先天性無歯症」の患者に薬剤を投与して効果を確認する。薬は2030年の発売を目指すという。

 先天性無歯症の人は人口に約1%いるとみられる。特に歯が6本以上欠損している患者は遺伝性とみられ、発症率は人口の約0・1%とされる。

 北野病院によると、初期段階の治験は今年9月から25年8月までで、薬剤を健常者に点滴で投与し、安全性を確認する。対象者は30~64歳の男性30人。薬の効果が発現して歯が生えてしまっても問題の無いように、奥歯が1本以上無いことを条件とする。現状、動物実験で大きな副作用は確認されていないという。

 次の段階として、先天性無歯症の患者らに北野病院で投与し効果を確かめる。この段階の治験対象者は、2~7歳の先天的に4本以上の歯が無い人を想定している。

 薬剤は、歯の成長を抑制する働きがある「USAG―1」というたんぱく質の機能を失わせるもの。チームは先天性の疾患だけでなく、将来的には虫歯や外傷などで後天的に歯を失った人に歯を生やすことができる可能性もあるとしている。

 研究を主導する北野病院の高橋克・歯科口腔(こうくう)外科主任部長は「歯がなくて困っている人を何とか助けてあげたい。これまで根治できる治療がなかった中、歯が生えてくることに対する期待は大きいと感じている」と話した。【露木陽介】

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