Wegen Flüchtlingen: Iran will Grenze zu Afghanistan befestigen

wegen flüchtlingen: iran will grenze zu afghanistan befestigen

Die afghanisch-iranische Grenze nahe des Übergangs Islam Qala

Irans Regierung will Pläne zur Befestigung der Grenze zum Nachbarland Afghanistan vorantreiben. Wie die staatliche Nachrichtenagentur Irna am Sonntag berichtete, sieht der aktuelle Haushalt dafür umgerechnet gut 2,7 Millionen Euro vor. Innerhalb von drei Jahren soll an der Grenze im Nordosten ein vier Meter hoher Betonwall mit Stacheldraht gebaut werden, um illegale Einwanderung zu verhindern. Die Pläne zum Ausbau der Grenzanlagen sind bereits Jahrzehnte alt. Die Nachbarländer teilen sich eine mehr als 900 Kilometer lange Grenze in größtenteils unbewohnten Gebieten.

In Iran leben nach Schätzungen des UN-Flüchtlingshilfswerks fast 4,5 Millionen Afghanen, viele davon ohne legalen Aufenthaltsstatus. Nach der Machtübernahme der Taliban im August 2021 kamen demnach mehr als eine Million Geflüchtete ins Nachbarland. Ein Großteil der afghanischen Migranten arbeitet im Niedriglohnsektor der Metropolen, etwa in kleinen Supermärkten oder auf Baustellen. Die hohe Zahl der Geflüchteten hat in Iran teils heftige innenpolitische Debatten ausgelöst. Ein Teil der afghanischen Geflüchteten reiste in der Vergangenheit zudem durch Iran und über die Türkei weiter nach Europa.

Anhaltende Konflikte, extreme Armut und hohe Arbeitslosigkeit zwingen jedes Jahr Tausende Afghanen dazu, illegal die Grenze zu Iran zu überqueren. Grenzbeamte sind so nur schwer in der Lage, Schmuggel und illegale Grenzübertritte zu verhindern. Teilweise kam es in der Vergangenheit auch zu kleinen Scharmützeln zwischen iranischen Sicherheitskräften und Kämpfern der islamistischen Taliban.

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