Signori, ecco il materiale del futuro: è leggerissimo e rivoluzionario

I cosiddetti “metamateriali” sono strutture cellulari realizzate con leghe metalliche. Queste strutture potrebbero essere la svolta per numerosi campi di progettazione, dagli impianti ossei alle parti di razzi, ma il problema è che sotto pressione non reggono.

Tuttavia un team dell’Università australiana RMIT sembra aver finalmente trovato la soluzione dopo aver tratto ispirazione da piante e coralli, con l’aiuto di uno strumento di stampa 3D all’avanguardia.

signori, ecco il materiale del futuro: è leggerissimo e rivoluzionario

a hand holding a small silver object

Il materiale del futuro

Utilizzando una comune lega di titanio, gli ingegneri hanno prodotto strutture reticolari composte da montanti cavi, ciascuno dotato di una fascia sottile aggiuntiva che lo attraversa. Ma Qian, professore del RMIT e autore dello studio, ha raccontato che sono stati combinato “due strutture reticolari complementari per distribuire uniformemente lo stress, evitando i punti deboli in cui normalmente si concentra lo stress”.

“Questi due elementi insieme mostrano forza e leggerezza mai visti prima insieme in natura”, ha spiegato Qian.

Per costruire i loro metamateriali reticolari, i ricercatori hanno utilizzato un processo di produzione altamente avanzato noto come fusione laser a letto di polvere, in cui un potente raggio laser scioglie i granuli di titanio stratificati direttamente in posizione. I successivi stress test di un cubo realizzato con il nuovo traliccio cavo hanno resistito il 50% in più di peso rispetto a un getto altrettanto denso di WE54, una lega di magnesio comunemente utilizzata per l’ingegneria aerospaziale.

Ora però ci vorrà un po’ perché questo materiale passi da soluzione sperimentale a qualcosa che possono usare tutti.

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