Mahfud Md Tegaskan Pertama dalam Sejarah Sidang Sengketa Pilpres Ada Dissenting Opinion, Apa Artinya?

mahfud md tegaskan pertama dalam sejarah sidang sengketa pilpres ada dissenting opinion, apa artinya?

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TEMPO.CO, Jakarta – Mantan Ketua Mahkamah Konstitusi sekaligus calon wakil presiden nomor urut 03, Mahfud Md menyatakan bahwa untuk pertama kalinya dalam putusan Perselisihan Hasil Pemilihan Umum (PHPU) terkait pemilihan presiden 2024 terdapat tiga dissenting opinion.

Menurut Mahfud, dalam kasus PHPU biasanya tidak pernah ada pendapat yang berbeda di antara hakim-hakim Mahkamah Konstitusi (MK). Biasanya, para hakim akan berdiskusi intensif untuk mencapai kesepakatan yang bulat.

“Sebelumnya, dissenting opinion tidak pernah diizinkan, biasanya hakim berdiskusi karena hal ini berkaitan dengan jabatan seseorang. Diskusi dilakukan hingga kesepakatan tercapai,” ujar Mahfud di Gedung MK pada Senin, 22 April 2024.

Pernyataan tersebut dikeluarkan sebagai tanggapan terhadap putusan PHPU 2024. MK memutuskan menolak permohonan sengketa pemilihan presiden (Pilpres) yang diajukan oleh pasangan calon nomor urut 03, Ganjar Pranowo dan Mahfud Md.

Ketua MK Suhartoyo menyampaikan amar putusan tersebut dalam sidang perselisihan hasil pemilihan umum (PHPU) atau sengketa Pilpres pada hari yang sama, 22 April 2024, di Gedung MK, Jakarta Pusat.

“Dalam amar putusan tersebut, kami memutuskan: Menolak seluruh permohonan pemohon,” ucap Suhartoyo sambil mengetuk palu sidang.

Selain menolak permohonan, MK menolak pula eksepsi yang diajukan oleh Komisi Pemilihan Umum (KPU) sebagai termohon dan Prabowo Subianto-Gibran Rakabuming Raka sebagai pihak terkait.

Namun, tidak semua hakim MK sepakat dengan putusan tersebut. Ada tiga hakim konstitusi yang memiliki pendapat berbeda atau dissenting opinion, yakni Saldi Isra, Arief Hidayat, dan Enny Nurbaningsih.

Sebelumnya, MK juga telah memutuskan hal yang sama terkait kubu Anies-Muhaimin, tetapi tidak semua hakim MK memiliki pendapat yang bulat. Tiga hakim konstitusi yang sama juga mengeluarkan pendapat berbeda atau dissenting opinion dalam kasus tersebut.

Pengertian Dissenting Opinion

Dissenting opinion adalah ketidaksepakatan pendapat antara beberapa hakim (minoritas) dengan mayoritas hakim dalam suatu pengadilan atau lembaga penegakan hukum. Dalam istilah yang lebih sederhana, dissenting opinion merujuk pada perbedaan pendapat atau opini yang dinyatakan oleh satu atau lebih anggota majelis hakim yang tidak sependapat dengan keputusan yang diambil oleh mayoritas hakim.

Di Indonesia, konsep dissenting opinion baru memiliki dasar hukum dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 4 Tahun 1998 tentang Kepailitan. Selanjutnya, berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 4 Tahun 2004 jo Undang-Undang Nomor 48 Tahun 2009 tentang Kekuasaan Kehakiman, Pasal 19 ayat (4) dan ayat (5) mengatur tentang dissenting opinion yang menegaskan bahwa setiap hakim diwajibkan untuk menyampaikan pertimbangan atau pendapat tertulis mengenai perkara yang sedang dipertimbangkan, dan hal tersebut menjadi bagian yang tak terpisahkan dari putusan. Meskipun terdapat dissenting opinion dari beberapa hakim, pendapat tersebut tetap diabadikan dalam putusan.

Dalam kasus tertentu, dissenting opinion yang dimasukkan ke dalam putusan memiliki fungsi yang signifikan. Meskipun suatu kasus telah diputuskan oleh mayoritas hakim, hal itu tidak menjamin bahwa keputusan tersebut adalah kebenaran mutlak. Oleh karena itu, dissenting opinion membawa implikasi yang kuat terhadap keputusan yang akan diambil di masa mendatang.

ANANDA BINTANG I HENDRIK YAPUTRA

Pilihan Editor: Sampai di Sini Ganjar dan Mahfud Md, Lika-liku Keduanya dalam Kontestasi Pilpres 2024

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