Lima Tahun ke Depan, Pertumbuhan "Crazy Rich" Indonesia Lampaui Dunia

Jakarta Skyline.

BARU-BARU ini Knight Frank merilis The Wealth Report (TWR) 2024 edisi ke-18, yang merupakan flagship publication dari Knight Frank.

Publikasi ini mengulas tren pertumbuhan crazy rich di dunia, juga termasuk mengulas tren properti dalam perspektif mereka.

Setiap tahunnya, publikasi TWR menemukan fenomena yang terjadi berdasarkan attitude survey, dan memformulasikan tren yang akan datang pada tahun berikutnya berdasarkan observasi melalui data cohort.

Crazy rich terdiri dari dua kategori yakni Ultra High Net Worth Individual (UHNWI), dan High Net Worth Individual (HNWI).

Komunitas crazy rich yang disebutkan sebagai satu persen populasi Bumi ini, memiliki definisi kekayaan sebagai berikut:

HNWI adalah individu dengan kekayaan bersih minimal 1 juta dolar AS atau ekuivalen Rp 15 miliar, termasuk kediaman utamanya.

Sedangkan, UHNWI merupakan individu dengan kekayaan bersih minimal 30 juta dolar AS atau setara Rp 450 miliar, termasuk kediaman utamanya.

Masih menurut TWR 2024, pertumbuhan UHNWI dan HNWI Indonesia tahun 2023 sama dengan rerata global (4,2 persen).

Sementara, dalam lima tahun ke depan pertumbuhan crazy rich Indonesia bakal melampaui rerata global yakni 34 persen dibanding 28 persen.

Dan Indonesia menjadi salah satu negara di Asia yang memiliki pertumbuhan crazy rich yang tinggi, bersama Singapura, Malaysia, Thailand, Hongkong, Vietnam dan tentu saja China.

Pertumbuhan UHNWI dan HNWI dalam TWR didapatkan melalui metode wealth sizing model yaitu pengumpulan dan pengolahan data cohort, dengan menggunakan berbagai variabel.

Antara lain koefisien Gini atau distribusi pengeluaran per kapita penduduk suatu daerah, PDRB per kapita, angka harapan hidup, konsumsi atau belanja pemerintah dan risiko politik.

Variabel penentu pertumbuhan crazy rich bersifat multidimensi, dan variabel tersebut sangat mempengaruhi fluktuasi perhitungan pertumbuhan populasi dan aset mereka dari tahun ke tahun di suatu negara.

Dengan refleksi data dan tren yang diungkap oleh TWR diharapkan mampu membantu menavigasi bisnis, dengan melihat radar pada tataran global dan regional, yang kemudian dapat diderivasi menjadi strategi yang tepat pada tataran lokal.

Temuan 2023

Laporan TWR 2023 bisa menjadi petunjuk bagi para pelaku usaha, untuk melihat arah pergerakan pengelolaan aset yang berlaku secara global.

Dari rekap proses berbagai kegiatan tahun 2023, berikut ini temuan yang disimpulkan:

1. Tahun 2023, menjadi masa mulai berbenah setelah sebelumnya didera badai disrupsi.

Pada tahun 2023, dalam masa pemulihan pandemi, telah terjadi berbagai peralihan seperti bekerja hibrid, agenda hijau, reinvensi ritel, dan backlog hunian, menjadi isu global yang dihadapi pada 2023.

2. Ditemukan bahwa sekitar 11 persen dari UHNWI global merupakan wanita, pada dekade sebelumnya hanya berjumlah 8 persen saja.

Pertumbuhan ini dipahami sebagai penyesuaian strategi untuk menarik investor wanita.

3. Sebanyak 75 persen HNWI yang tergolong dalam generasi Z (usia 12-27 tahun) optimistis terhadap pertumbuhan kekayaan mereka dalam 12 bulan ke depan.

4. Terkait isu lingkungan hidup, 80 persen responden pria, dan 70 persen responden wanita yang tergolong sebagai generasi milenial, mengatakan bahwa mereka berusaha untuk menurunkan jejak karbon, sebagai bentuk kesadaran terhadap pelestarian lingkungan hidup.

5. Pada tahun 2023, Singapura dan Hongkong tergolong merupakan menjadi pusat pertumbuhan orang-orang kaya di region Asia.

6. Permintaan pasar investasi di Jepang naik di atas rata-rata, dan diperkirakan akan berlanjut dalam jangka panjang.

7. Para investor menyebutkan bahwa, investasi terbesar yang bergulir pada tahun 2023 di antaranya pada sektor logistik dan industri, diikuti dengan sektor hunian, kantor, ritel, hotel dan rumah lansia.

Sementara itu, TWR 2024 juga memberikan indikasi dalam berbagai perspektif ulasan tren yang akan bergulir pada tahun 2024, berikut yang telah dirangkum sebagai berikut:

1. Tahun 2024 diperkirakan akan menjadi turning point pertumbuhan setelah pandemi, yang diindikasi melalui peningkatan volume investasi properti.

2. Setidaknya 22 persen UHNWI diperkirakan akan melakukan pembelian rumah, sementara sekitar 19 persen dari HNWI yang akan investasi di rumah tahun ini.

3. Tantangan pengembang properti saat ini adalah, menciptakan produk yang menjembatani tingkat permintaan dari konsumen lokal.

4. Tahun ini, akan mulai terjadi permintaan ruang besar dari sektor data center, terutama di wilayah dekat kampus atau dekat technology hub, yang diperuntukan sebagai laboratorium untuk riset dan pengembangan dalam sistem artificial intelligence (AI).

5. Pada tataran global, diperkirkan 70 negara akan melalui Pemilu pada tahun 2024. Risiko yang perlu diperhatikan dalam tahun politik. Di antaranya perubahan kebijakan, risiko perubahan iklim, kekurangan stok dari hunian mewah.

6. Terkait perubahan iklim, kondisi ini akan membawa perubahan terkait asuransi properti, dan akan terjadi perluasan jangkauan layanan asuransi, tidak hanya dari konsumen asuransi, tetapi juga perluasan dari area yang tergolong rentan terhadap bencana dan perubahan iklim.

7. Pertumbuhan penggunaan kendaraan listrik atau electric vehicle (EV)  diprediksi akan mencapai 36 persen, kebutuhan pengembang EV charging akan terus bergulir tahun ini, baik untuk mendukung pertumbuhan di properti hunian, ritel maupun gedung perkantoran.

8. Environment, Social, and Governance (ESG) menjadi perspektif yang mewarnai dalam pertumbuhan properti tahun ini.

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