Le vapotage chez les ados augmenterait le risque d'exposition aux substances toxiques

le vapotage chez les ados augmenterait le risque d'exposition aux substances toxiques

“Le vapotage chez les jeunes pose un problème de santé publique important car des métaux ont été détectés dans les aérosols et les liquides des cigarettes électroniques. Leur absorption est particulièrement nocive pendant les périodes de développement”, ont signalé des chercheurs du University of Nebraska Medical Center (États-Unis). Dans une nouvelle étude, ils ont ainsi voulu savoir si les niveaux de métaux potentiellement toxiques pouvaient être associés à la fréquence de vapotage et si les arômes pouvaient avoir une influence.

81 ados sur 200 ont déclaré vapoter plus de 20 jours par mois

Pour les besoins de leurs recherches, publiées dans la revue Tobacco Control, les scientifiques ont utilisé les données d’une cohorte nationale impliquant 1.607 adolescents âgés de 13 à 17 ans. Au total, 200 jeunes utilisant la cigarette électronique ont été inclus dans l’analyse finale. Les jeunes ont dû fournir des échantillons de leur urine pour détecter la présence de cadmium, de plomb et d’uranium. La fréquence de vapotage a été désignée comme occasionnelle (1-5 jours/mois), intermittente (6-19 jours), et fréquente (plus de 20 jours). Les arômes ont été regroupés en quatre catégories : menthol ou menthe, fruits, sucré, comme le chocolat et autres, comme le tabac, le clou de girofle ou les épices.

Parmi les 200 jeunes, 65 ont déclaré une utilisation occasionnelle de la cigarette électronique, 45 une utilisation intermittente et 81 une utilisation fréquente. “Le nombre moyen de bouffées récentes par jour augmentait de façon exponentielle en fonction de la fréquence de vapotage (occasionnel : 0,9 bouffées, intermittent : 7,9 bouffées, fréquent : 27,0 bouffées)”, peut-on lire dans les travaux. Au cours des 30 jours précédents, 33 % des fumeurs ont indiqué avoir utilisé des arômes de menthol/menthe. La moitié a privilégié les arômes de fruits et un peu plus de 15 % a opté pour des arômes sucrés.

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