Jepang Masuk Resesi, Bagaimana Dampaknya ke Indonesia?

jepang masuk resesi, bagaimana dampaknya ke indonesia?

Suasana di salah satu destinasi wisata populer Shibuya di Tokyo, Jepang, Minggu (5/11/2023).

JAKARTA, KOMPAS.com – Masuknya perekonomian Jepang ke dalam jurang resesi diyakini bakal berdampak terhadap ekonomi Indonesia. Pasalnya, Jepang merupakan salah satu negara mitra dagang utama Indonesia.

Berdasarkan data Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS), Jepang merupakan negara tujuan ekspor terbesar ke-4 Indonesia. Pada Januari lalu, nilai ekspor Indonesia ke Negeri Sakura mencapai 1,46 miliar dollar AS atau setara sekitar Rp 22,78 triliun.

“Jadi situasi resesi yang ada di Jepang bisa berpengaruh cukup besar bagi kinerja ekspor Indonesia, karena Jepang adalah negara mitra dagang tradisional,” ujar Direktur Center of Economic and Law Studies (Celios), Bhima Yudhistira, kepada Kompas.com, Jumat (16/2/2024).

Untuk diketahui, salah satu pertanda masuknya suatu negara ke dalam resesi ialah adanya penurunan aktivitas perekonomian, sehingga dari sisi permintaan pun melemah. Hal ini yang kemudian akan membuat pelemahan ekonomi Jepang berdampak ke Indonesia.

Jika melihat data BPS, nilai ekspor Indonesia ke Jepang sebenarnya telah turun signifikan pada Januari lalu. Tercatat nilai ekspor Indonesia ke Jepang ambles 22,73 persen secara tahunan dari nilai ekspor 1,89 miliar dollar AS atau setara Rp 29,49 triliun pada Januari 2023.

Bhima memaparkan, sejumlah komoditas utama ekspor nasional yang bakal terdampak oleh resesi Jepang ialah batu bara, komponen elektrik, nikel, perhiasan, barang-barang dari kayu dan turunannya, karet, hingga perikanan.

“Ini daftar barang yang akan terdampak, karena nilainya sangat besar dan kondisi domestik di Jepang semakin diperburuk oleh demografi yang semakin besar usia non produk atau lansianya sehingga berpengaruh terhadap konsumsi,” tutur Bhima.

Untuk merespons hal tersebut, Bhima menilai, pemerintah perlu segera memutar otak, dengan mencari mitra dagang alternatif. Dengan demikian, komoditas yang tidak terserap oleh Jepang dapat dialihkan ke negara lain.

“Tentu ini membutuhkan intelligence pasar untuk membaca peluang dan fasilitas pertemuan dengan calon buyer atau pembeli potensial di negara alternatif,” ucapnya.

Sebagai informasi, ekonomi Jepang masuk ke dalam resesi teknis. Data pemerintah Jepang menunjukkan, perekonomian Tokyo mengalami kontraksi tak terduga pada periode Oktober-Desember 2023.

Resesi teknis terjadi karena Jepang telah mencatat penurunan berturut-turut pada produk domestik bruto (PDB) secara kuartalan yang kedua. Dengan begitu, Jepang dinyatakan terjerumus ke dalam resesi teknis.

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