El Osce dio un trato desigual y afectó la libertad de contratación del Grupo La República

El Primer Juzgado Constitucional de Lima determinó que el Organismo Supervisor de las Contrataciones del Estado (OSCE) lesionó el derecho a la libertad de contratación y la igualdad de trato, al imponer al Grupo La República una interpretación general de la ley 30225.

Una interpretación destinada a permitir que el OSCE pudiera imponer a este diario 18 sanciones temporales y 28 sanciones definitivas, por una supuesta infracción a la mencionada norma legal.

La sentencia del Juzgado Constitucional recoge la posición del Grupo La República. Esta, se sustenta en la sentencia del TC en el expediente n.º 03150-2017-PA/TC, del 6 noviembre de 2020, y la resolución del TCE n.º 0125-2021-TCE-S3, de enero de 2021.

La palabra del TC

el osce dio un trato desigual y afectó la libertad de contratación del grupo la república
El OSCE buscó sacar de circulación al diario La República

El 19 de noviembre de 2020, cuando Claudia Cornejo Mohme, hija de María Eugenia Mohme Seminario, accionista del Grupo La República, asumió el Ministerio de Turismo y Comercio Exterior (Mincetur), este diario actuó conforme a la interpretación que el TC realizaba de la ley 30225. Por eso, limitó los contratos con esa institución, pero los mantuvo con las demás instituciones públicas.

En esa sentencia, el TC estableció que, con el fin de no afectar los derechos de libertad de contratación, igualdad de trato y presunción de inocencia, la Ley 30225 debía leerse en dos vertientes.

Por un lado, el presidente de la República y sus familiares hasta el segundo grado de consanguinidad, pues al tratarse del jefe de gobierno, según la citada ley, les está prohibido contratar con todas las entidades del Estado.

De otro lado, en los casos de otros funcionarios: congresistas, jueces supremos y ministros de Estado, y sus familiares más cercanos, la prohibición es solo en la entidad en la que trabajan y hasta 12 meses después de dejar el cargo.

Además, recalcó que la administración pública tiene otros mecánismos para ponerse a salvo  de posibles influencias indebidas en contratos de familiares con otras entidades públicas.

Sin embargo, cinco meses después que Cornejo  Mohme dejara el cargo de ministra,  en enero de 2022, de manera concertada y sistemática, los funcionarios y vocales de OSCE se olvidaron totalmente de esa interpretación en su afán de perseguir y sancionar a La República.

Trato desigual

el osce dio un trato desigual y afectó la libertad de contratación del grupo la república
Presidente de OSCE, Laura Gutiérrez Gonzáles

Lo hicieron a pesar que en la resolución  n.º 0125-2021-TCE-S3, del 18 de enero de 2021,  la Sala 3 del Tribunal de Contrataciones del Estado, integrada por los vocales Víctor Manuel Villanueva Sandoval, Violeta Lucero Ferreyra Coral y Annie Elizabet Pérez Gutiérrez, habían asumido la posición del TC.

El máximo intérprete de la Constitución realizó esa precisión ante una demanda de amparo del jurista y constitucionalista Domingo García Belaúnde, hermano del entonces congresista Víctor Andrés García Belaunde. La sentencia señaló que Domingo García estaba impedido de contratar con el Congreso, donde laboraba su familiar, pero no con otras entidades públicas.

En tanto, la Sala 3 del Tribunal de Contrataciones del Estado recogió la posición del TC  en un proceso sancionador iniciado contra Cecilia Heresi Chicoma, hermana del  entonces congresista y exministro Salvador Heresi. Los vocales de OSCE resolvieron que Cecilia Heresi estaba impedida de contratar con el Congreso, pero no con la municipalidad de Miraflores, ni con otra entidad pública.

Pero, nada de eso les valió a los vocales del Tribunal de Contrataciones del Estado  al resolver el caso de La República.

Un dictamen lo es todo

el osce dio un trato desigual y afectó la libertad de contratación del grupo la república
El OSCE prefirió un dictamen antes que la sentencia del TC

Entonces, con evidente afán político, sancionaron y negaron a La República el más elemental principio de justicia, trato igualitario y de libertad de contratación.

Ese interés político y antidemocrático queda en evidencia con el uso, difusión y valorización legal que hacen del dictamen elaborado por la Subdirección de Identificación de Riesgos en Contrataciones Directas y Supuestos Excluidos (SIRE), pese a que ni siquiera es concluyente.

Sin embargo, las 18 sanciones temporales y 48 sanciones indefinidas se sustentan únicamente en dicho informe. Con base en ese documento se concluye, sin dudas ni murmuraciones, que La República infringió la ley 30225 y merece no volver a contratar con el Estado. Un medio de comunicación convertido en un paria para la administración pública.

Es decir, todo el análisis jurídico comenzó y terminó el 30 de diciembre de 2021. El resto fue un teatro para dictar 18 resoluciones de 4 a 5 meses de sanción temporal, con lo cual llegar a los 72 meses de inhabilitación temporal, en un lapso de dos años, lo que les permitió imponer  las 28 sanciones definitivas.  Creyerón que con eso sacaban a La República de circulación, pero aquí seguimos. Seguiremos.

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