¿Cómo se contagia el Virus del Papiloma? Formas de transmisión y cómo prevenir

A continuación te explicamos de qué se trata esta infección de transmisión sexual, y cómo puedes evitar contagiarte.

El Virus del Papiloma Humano (VPH) es una infección de transmisión sexual (ITS) que se destaca por ser la más común entre los humanos. Incluso, según estadísticas del Instituto de Salud Pública del Minsal, el 16% de las mujeres chilenas están infectadas con esta enfermedad.

¿Cómo se contagia el Virus del papiloma?

De acuerdo al Dr. José Andrés Poblete, ginecólogo y presidente de la Sociedad Chilena de Obstetricia y Ginecología (Sochog), el Virus del Papiloma se transmite exclusivamente por la actividad sexual, ya sea genital, oral o anal.

También se puede transmitir a través de las manos cuando han tenido contacto con los genitales. “No es un virus que tenga transmisión hereditaria ni otros factores de riesgos asociados. El único mecanismo de infección es la actividad sexual”, asegura el experto.

¿cómo se contagia el virus del papiloma? formas de transmisión y cómo prevenir

Así es cómo se ve el VPH (Getty Images)

Cabe destacar que existen más de 100 variedades del virus del papiloma humano, pero, afortunadamente, la mayoría de las infecciones por el VPH no derivan en cáncer. Sin embargo, algunos pueden causar cáncer en el cuello del útero, cáncer de ano, pene, vagina, vulva y parte posterior de la garganta (orofaringe).

¿Cómo prevenir contagiarse?

Si eres sexualmente activo, puedes contraer el VPH, incluso si tienes sexo con una sola persona. Sin embargo, existen algunos métodos de prevención:

  • Usar preservativo cuando se tenga relaciones sexuales. El preservativo disminuye el riesgo de contraer VPH, pero no lo elimina, ya que no cubre todas las superficies expuestas al contacto con el virus.
  • Se puede minimizar el riesgo manteniendo una relación mutuamente monógama, aunque no totalmente, ya que podría verse afectado por infecciones en relaciones anteriores.
  • Mediante inmunización, vacunándose contra el Virus Papiloma Humano.
  • Realizar diagnóstico a través de pruebas de tamizaje en mujeres (PAP y test de VPH).

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