Aus Nicht-EU-Ländern: Zahl der Erwerbsmigranten erneut stark gestiegen

Die Zahl der Menschen, die aus Ländern außerhalb der EU zum Arbeiten nach Deutschland kommen, hat sich 2023 erneut stark erhöht. Mehr als zwei Drittel sind Männer.

aus nicht-eu-ländern: zahl der erwerbsmigranten erneut stark gestiegen

Ein Bauarbeiter beim Bau eines Mehrfamilienhauses

Insgesamt waren im vergangenen Jahr etwa 419.000 Menschen aus sogenannten Drittstaaten in der Bundesrepublik beschäftigt, 68.000 mehr als im Vorjahr, wie das Statistische Bundesamt in Wiesbaden am Donnerstag mitteilte. Das war ein Anstieg um 19 Prozent im Jahresvergleich.

Die Zahl der Menschen mit befristetem Aufenthaltstitel zum Zweck der Erwerbstätigkeit kletterte seit 2010 stetig nach oben. Damals waren 85.000 Menschen aus Nicht-EU-Staaten als Arbeitsmigranten in Deutschland. Besonders deutlich war der Anstieg in den vergangenen zwei Jahren. Wie 2023 stieg die Zahl auch 2022 um 19 Prozent.

Mehr als ein Viertel der Migrantinnen und Migranten verfügte laut Statistikamt 2023 über die sogenannte Blaue Karte EU. Sie richtet sich insbesondere an Akademikerinnen und Akademiker aus dem Nicht-EU-Ausland und ermöglicht eine schnellere unbefristete Niederlassungserlaubnis für Beschäftigte und Erleichterungen beim Familiennachzug. Die mit Abstand meisten Inhaberinnen und Inhaber kamen aus Indien (33.000 Erwerbstätige), gefolgt von Russland und der Türkei mit 10.000 beziehungsweise 8000 Menschen.

Mehr als zwei Drittel (67 Prozent) der Erwerbsmigranten waren Ende 2023 Männer, der Großteil zwischen 25 und 35 Jahren alt. Lediglich bei den Fachkräften mit Berufsausbildung überwogen die Frauen.

Besonders hoch war der Männeranteil mit 87 Prozent auf Grundlage der „Westbalkanregelung“. Sie soll Menschen aus Albanien, Bosnien und Herzegowina, dem Kosovo, Nordmazedonien, Montenegro und Serbien den Zugang zum deutschen Arbeitsmarkt erleichtern. Bei den Fachkräften mit akademischer Ausbildung war das Geschlechterverhältnis mit einem Männeranteil von 52 Prozent fast ausgeglichen. (AFP)

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