Adolescente morte dans la Loire: qu'est-ce que l'urbex, cette pratique dangereuse et souvent illégale?

L’urbex, qui tire son nom de la contraction des mots anglais “urban exploration”, consiste à explorer des sites à l’abandon. Une activité généralement réalisée de manière illégale.

À Unieux, dans la Loire, une adolescente de 15 ans s’est tuée, samedi 27 avril, en passant à travers le toit d’une usine désaffectée. Une autre, âgée de 17 ans, a été grièvement blessée dans cette chute. Elles faisaient partie d’un groupe de quatre jeunes pratiquant de l’urbex.

Cette pratique, qui tire son nom de la contraction des mots anglais urban exploration, consiste “à explorer des sites à l’abandon, de manière en générale illégale, car ces sites, même s’ils sont délaissés ou peu utilisés, ont toujours un propriétaire”, explique Aude Le Galou, docteure en géographie et pratiquante de l’urbex, sur BFMTV.

adolescente morte dans la loire: qu'est-ce que l'urbex, cette pratique dangereuse et souvent illégale?

Un photographe pratiquant de l’urbex à Séoul en 2014

“C’est une pratique dangereuse car qui dit site à l’abandon, dit qu’ils ne sont plus entretenus. Les matériaux se dégradent et des structures censées supporter le poids d’un être humain, comme des escaliers ou des planchers, peuvent ne plus le pouvoir”, précise la spécialiste.

“Se mettre en valeur”

Née dans les 1980, cette pratique est devenue de plus en plus populaire ces dernières années, notamment grâce aux réseaux sociaux où des “urbexeurs”, jeunes comme plus âgés, publient des vidéos de leurs exploits.

Aude Le Galou note “une évolution” dans cette activité. Ses adeptes “se mettent désormais en scène”, ajoutant que “ce n’est plus tant le lieu qui est intéressant que la manière dont il permet de se mettre en valeur”.

Avant de souligner: “Quand on visite un lieu abandonné on peut plus facilement se présenter comme un aventurier ou un explorateur.”

Des règles à respecter

Plusieurs règles de sécurité existent et sont à respecter pour éviter de se mettre en danger, explique la docteure en géographie. Il faut notamment essayer de ne jamais explorer un lieu seul, pour que quelqu’un puisse donner l’alerte en cas de problème, et toujours indiquer à des proches où on se trouve.

Aude Le Galou pointe aussi l’importance de s’équiper en conséquence, c’est-à-dire de prendre de bonnes chaussures, fermées, qui ne glissent pas, et des vêtements épais pour ne pas se blesser. “Comme ce sont des espaces dégradés, il est nécessaire d’être attentif tout le temps à l’environnement dans lequel on se trouve”, conclut-elle.

Ce n’est pas la première fois qu’une telle tragédie se produit. La semaine dernière, un lycéen de 17 ans, qui pratiquait l’urbex apparemment seul, s’est tué à Lyon en chutant du dôme de l’Hôtel-Dieu, d’où il voulait photographier le lever de soleil. En 2019, toujours à Lyon, un homme âgé de 21 ans, qui cheminait sur les toits de la ville est mort après avoir fait une chute de 20 mètres.

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