Des astronomes surpris par le comportement du magnétar le plus proche de la Terre

des astronomes surpris par le comportement du magnétar le plus proche de la terre

Des astronomes surpris par le comportement du magnétar le plus proche de la Terre

Un magnétar, c’est une forme particulière d’étoile à neutrons dont le champ magnétique est extrêmement intense. Si l’on vulgarisait, on pourrait dire qu’il s’agit des aimants les plus puissants de l’Univers. Celui qui est le plus proche de notre planète est dans notre Voie lactée, à 8.000 années-lumière de la Terre. Découvert en 2003, il s’appelle XTE J1810-197.

Et si l’on parle de lui, c’est parce que les astronomes de l’agence scientifique nationale australienne, conjointement avec le Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy (Allemagne) lui ont observé un comportement « inattendu et totalement sans précédent ». En effet, ce magnétar était l’un des rares à émettre des ondes radio. Cela s’était arrêté pendant quelques années, mais cela a repris en 2018.

Et depuis lors, les ondes émises ne ressemblent à rien de ce que connaissent les scientifiques. XTE J1810-197 émet d’énormes quantités de lumière polarisée circulairement. Comment l’expliquer ? Les chercheurs ne le peuvent, à l’heure actuelle.

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